On June 30, 2006, AVANIR Pharmaceuticals announced it had been awarded a $2 million grant from the National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease (NIH/NIAID) under its Cooperative Research Partnerships for Biodefense program. The NIH/NIAID grant provides funds to establish a cGMP manufacturing process and to test efficacy of the fully human monoclonal antibody treatment against inhalation anthrax in non-human primates. If successful, these pre-clinical studies can be used to support the filing of an investigational new drug application (IND) for AVANIR's potential anti-anthrax drug candidate, AVP-21D9.